Optimization of Non-Performing Loan Resolution at PT Bank Perekonomian Rakyat Sumatera Selatan (Perseroda) Using Simple Lawsuits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28946/rpt.v15i1.6595Abstract
Non-performing loans present particular challenges for rural banks when collateral documents do not establish enforceable mortgage rights. This study examines the implementation of simple lawsuits by PT Bank Perekonomian Rakyat Sumatera Selatan (Perseroda) before the Palembang District Court and identifies obstacles to resolving credit disputes and recovering outstanding loans during 2022–2024. Employing an empirical socio-legal approach, the study combines statutory, conceptual, and case analyses with interviews involving bank officials and a district court judge, alongside institutional case data. The findings show that the bank pursues simple lawsuits for contractual default after debtor guidance, restructuring, and collection efforts prove unsuccessful. The procedure provides a judicial route for claiming repayment, including where the bank lacks direct enforcement rights over certain collateral. During the study period, the bank filed 17 lawsuits involving IDR 1,415,358,950.06 in outstanding loans. Of this amount, 73.69% was classified by the bank as enforceable; however, the available records do not establish that these amounts were actually recovered. Internal obstacles include coordination, documentary preparation, and litigation costs; external obstacles include debtor nonappearance and noncompliance; and procedural obstacles concern filing requirements, electronic administration, and examination timelines. Difficulties locating debtors and identifying executable assets further complicate judgment enforcement. The study concludes that the effectiveness of simple lawsuits cannot be measured solely by judicial outcomes and requires a distinction between enforceable claims and verified loan recovery.References
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