Meningkatkan Daya Ikat Hukum Internasional: Kajian Filosofis

Sasmini - -, Erna Dyah Kusumawati, Sri Lestari Rahayu, Emmy - Latifah, Anugrah Adiastuti

Abstract


Daya ikat hukum internasional banyak mendapatkan tantangan dengan berbagai pelanggaran atas hukum internasional yang penyelesaiannya masih sarat dengan kepentingan politik negara. Tulisan ini mengkaji dua pertanyaan fundamental dalam hukum internasional, yaitu apa dasar atau landasan filosofis daya ikat Hukum Internasional bagi negara?; dan bagaimana negara-negara terikat dan patuh pada norma-norma Hukum Internasional dalam praktek masyarakat internasional kontemporer?. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa walaupun hukum internasional sebagai suatu sistem hukum diakui dan dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat internasional, namun demikian masih terdapat kelemahan utamanya dalam hal kekuatan mengikatnya. Realitanya, hukum internasional tetap ada dan semakin diperlukan untuk mengatur hubungan-hubungan internasional yang semakin kompleks dan itulah yang menjadi dasar mengikat HI bagi masyarakat internasional. Dalam rangka meningkatkan lagi legitimasi hukum internasional, maka sistem hukum internasional harus memberikan lebih banyak kesempatan kepada negara-negara berkembang dan NGO untuk mengekspresikan sudut pandang mereka dalam negosiasi di tingkat internasional serta prosedur pengambilan keputusan dari organisasi internasional.

Keywords


hukum internasional, kekuatan ikat, legitimasi, otoritas hukum.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Buku

Malcolm N Shaw. 2008. International Law, sixth edition. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne.

Christian Walter, Subjects of International Law, dalam Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed.), 2010, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Heidelberg: Max- Planck-Institut.

Gideon Boas, 2012, Public International Law, Contemporary Principles and Perspectives, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, United Kingdom.

Marek St Korowicz, 1959, Introduction to International Law, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Netherland.

Peter Malanczuk, 1997, Akehurst’s Modern Introduction To International Law, seventh revised edition, Routledge, New York, United State of America.

Jawahir Thontowi dan Pranoto Iskandar. 2006. Hukum Internasional Kontemporer. Refika Aditama, Bandung.

Huala Adolf, 2020, Filsafat Hukum Internasional: Perspektif Negara Sedang Berkembang, Keni Media: Bandung.

Stephen Hall, 2007, Researching International Law, dalam buku Mike McConville, Wing Hong Chui, 2007, Research Methods for Law, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.

Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, R Etty Agoes, 2015, Pengantar Hukum Internasional, Alumni, Bandung.

Sukarno Aburaera, 2010, Filsafat Hukum, Pustaka Refleksi, Makassar.

Huala Adolf, 2020, Filsafat Hukum Internasional: Perspektif Negara Sedang Berkembang, Keni Media: Bandung.

Jack Goldsmith, Eric Posner, 2005, The limits of international law, Oxford University Press, New York

Sefriani, 2009, Hukum Internasional, Suatu Pengantar, Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.

Melda Kamil Ariatno, 2007, Hukum Internasional Hukum yang Hidup, Diadit Media, Jakarta.

Anthony Carty, 2017, Philosophy of International Law, Edinburgh University Press.

Amran Suadi, 2018, Sosiologi Hukum: Penegakan, Realitas dan Nilai Moralitas Hukum (Edisi Pertama). Jakarta, Prenada Media.

Abram Chayes dan Antonia Handler Chayes. 1995. The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Agreements. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Christian Reus Smit, 2004, The Politics of International Law, Cambridge University Press.

Daniel Klein, et al., 2017. The Paris Agreement on Climate Change: Analysis and Commentary. Oxford University Press.

Jutta Brunnée, & Stephen J Toope, 2010. Legitimacy and Legality in International Law: An Interactional Account. Cambridge University Press.

Artikel Jurnal

Mehrdad Payandeh, The Concept of International Law in the Jurisprudence of H.L.A. Hart, The European Journal of International Law, 2011, Vol. 21 No. 4.

Martin Lishexian Lee, The Interrelation Between the Law of the Sea Convention and Customary International Law. San Diego International Law Journal, Vol 7. 2005.

Mattias Kumm, The Legitimacy of International Law: A Constitutionalist Framework of Analysis. European Journal of International Law, Vol 15, Issue 5. 2004.

Eric A Posner, Do States Have a Moral Obligation to Obey International Law?, Stanford Law Review, Vol 55. No 5, May 2003.

David Lefkowitz, The Principle of Fairness and States Duty to Obey International Law. Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence, Vol 24, Issue 2. (2011).

Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink. International Norm Dynamics and Political Change. International Organization, Vol 52, No 4. 1998.

Zhiyun Liu, “Legitimacy” of International Law: The Source, Development and the Paths to Overcome Crisis. Frontiers of Law in China, Vol 4, No 4. 2009.

Internet

Harold Koh Hongju, "Transnational Legal Process" (1996). Faculty Scholarship Series. 2096. https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2096, diakses pada 13 Januari 2022

Andrew T Guzman. 2002. “A Compliance-Based Theory of International Law”. California Law Review. Vol. 90.

International Campaign to Ban Landmines, Why the Ban, http://www.icbl.org/en-gb/problem/why-the-ban.aspx, diakses pada 1 Maret 2022.

International Committee of The Red Cross, Treaties, State Parties and Commentaries https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/vwTreaties1949.xsp, diakses pada 16 Maret 2022.

International Committee of The Red Cross, National Committees and Similar Entities on International Humanitarian Law: Guidelines for Success – towards Respecting and Implementing International Humanitarian Law, https://www.icrc.org/en/publication/national-committees-and-similar-entities-international-humanitarian-law-guidelines-1 , diakses pada 16 Maret 2022.

International Committee of The Red Cross, President Peter Maurer UNGA 2021: International Humanitarian Law_Enhancing Monitoring, Improving Compliance. https://www.icrc.org/en/document/president-maurer-unga-2021-international-humanitarian-law, diakses pada 16 Maret 2022.

Regulasi

Geneva Convention I, II, III, IV of 1949 and Additional Protocols I, II of 1977, relating to the protection of victims of armed conflicts, and the 2005 Additional Protocol III, relating to the adoption of an additional distinctive emblem.

Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 12 December 2015.

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), of 1982.

Putusan Pengadilan

North Sea Continental Shelf (Federal Republic of Germany/Netherlands; Federal Republic of Germany/Denmark). Judgment. ICJ Reports 3. 1969.

Anglo – Norwegian Fisheries Case. Judgment. ICJ Reports 195. 1951.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/sc.v29i1.1804

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SIMBUR CAHAYA : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum

ISSN: 1410-0614 (Print)

e-ISSN: 2684-9941 (Online)


Published by :

Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sriwijaya

Jl. Srijaya Negara, Bukit Besar, Ilir Barat I, Palembang, 30139

Telepon : +62711-580063 Fax : +62711-581179

Email : simburcahaya@fh.unsri.ac.id

Website : http://journal.fh.unsri.ac.id/index.php/simburcahaya

Creative Commons License
Jurnal Simbur Cahaya (SC)  is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.